Harbor ASI
Deliverable 01 · Verified

Multi-State Nexus Study

For each of the 51 U.S. jurisdictions, Harbor evaluates physical-presence and economic-nexus tests against Hearthstone's payroll, property, inventory and sales facts. Every verdict is a machine-checked proof — expand any state to see the checked conditions, the plain-English proof, and the Lean 4 formalisation.

46 states with nexus39 registered & collecting7 unregistered gaps0 approaching threshold5 no obligation
StateStatusPeak R-12Exposure
ALAlabama
Nexus$23.9M
AKAlaska
No nexus
AZArizona
Nexus$39.7M
ARArkansas
Nexus$15.6M
CACalifornia
Nexus$199.5M
COColorado
Nexus$31.1M
CTConnecticut
Nexus$17.9M
DEDelaware
No nexus
DCDistrict of Columbia
Nexus$3.3M
FLFlorida
Nexus$112.4M
GAGeorgia
Nexus$59.2M
HIHawaii
Nexus$7.1M$947K
IDIdaho
Nexus$10.3M$1.8M
ILIllinois
Nexus$62.4M
INIndiana
Nexus$33.2M
IAIowa
Nexus$17.9M
KSKansas
Nexus$15.4M
KYKentucky
Nexus$23.5M
LALouisiana
Nexus$22.4M
MEMaine
Nexus$7.1M$1.2M
MDMaryland
Nexus$29.7M
MAMassachusetts
Nexus$34.7M
MIMichigan
Nexus$49.9M
MNMinnesota
Nexus$27.5M
MSMississippi
Nexus$14.4M$3.0M
MOMissouri
Nexus$33.5M
MTMontana
No nexus
NENebraska
Nexus$9.3M
NVNevada
Nexus$17.0M
NHNew Hampshire
No nexus
NJNew Jersey
Nexus$47.0M
NMNew Mexico
Nexus$11.2M$2.5M
NYNew York
Nexus$102.6M
NCNorth Carolina
Nexus$52.2M
NDNorth Dakota
Nexus$3.8M
OHOhio
Nexus$63.5M
OKOklahoma
Nexus$22.3M
OROregon
No nexus
PAPennsylvania
Nexus$65.0M
RIRhode Island
Nexus$5.5M
SCSouth Carolina
Nexus$25.5M
SDSouth Dakota
Nexus$4.6M
TNTennessee
Nexus$36.0M
TXTexas
Nexus$168.5M
UTUtah
Nexus$17.6M
VTVermont
Nexus$3.0M$569K
VAVirginia
Nexus$45.9M
WAWashington
Nexus$42.4M
WVWest Virginia
Nexus$9.1M$1.8M
WIWisconsin
Nexus$28.3M
WYWyoming
Nexus$3.0M

Idaho

Nexus
Remote employee (payroll nexus) (economic threshold also crossed 2023-01)
Proved
Basis
Physical + Economic
Established
March 14, 2022
Registered & collecting
No — gap
Risk level
high
Economic threshold
$100K
Peak rolling-12 remote
$10.3M · 107,416 txns
Unregistered exposure
$1,804,040
1

We are determining whether Hearthstone has nexus — a tax-collection obligation — in Idaho. Under U.S. law (post-Wayfair 2018), nexus arises through either (1) physical presence in the state, or (2) economic activity exceeding the state's statutory threshold.

2

Physical-presence test — SATISFIED. Hearthstone employs a remote worker physically located in Idaho (Senior UX designer (e-commerce team) working remotely from Boise — W-2 coded to ID since hire). Physical presence of property, payroll, or inventory creates nexus on its own and is dispositive: once present, the dollar and transaction thresholds need not be reached.

3

Economic-nexus test — SATISFIED. Idaho sets a single threshold of $100,000 in gross sales, measured over the previous or current calendar year. Hearthstone's peak rolling-12-month remote gross sales into the state reached $10,274,416, which exceeds the threshold. (Idaho Code § 63-3611(3)(b))

4

Conclusion: Hearthstone HAS nexus in Idaho on both physical and economic grounds. A registration and collection obligation exists.

This narrative is a faithful back-translation of the Lean proof — not a separate summary. Each step corresponds to a line the kernel verified.